Science & Engineering Converters & Calculators
Convert pressure, energy, flow rate, viscosity, capacitance, resistance and 10 more unit types - plus calculators for electrical engineering, physics, chemistry, thermodynamics and optics.
Need to know what 32 psi is in bar for tyre inflation, how to convert GPM to liters per minute for a plumbing job, what resistor value to use for an LED, or how to calculate Reynolds number for pipe flow? Our science and engineering tools cover 16 converter categories - from pressure and energy to flow rate, viscosity, capacitance and electric resistance - plus 9 calculator categories spanning electrical engineering, physics, electronics, chemistry, thermodynamics, structural analysis, fluid mechanics, acoustics and optics. Whether you are a student solving physics problems, an engineer sizing a pipe or a hobbyist building a circuit, these tools have you covered.
Frequently asked questions
32 psi equals approximately 2.21 bar. Typical car tyre pressures range from 30-36 psi (2.07-2.48 bar). European pressure gauges usually show bar while US gauges use psi, so this is one of the most practical pressure conversions.
Multiply gallons per minute by 3.78541 to get liters per minute. So 10 GPM equals about 37.85 L/min. A typical kitchen faucet flows at 2 GPM (7.57 L/min) and a shower head at 2.5 GPM (9.46 L/min).
Use our Ohm's Law calculator. For a typical red LED (2V forward voltage, 20 mA current) at 5V supply: R = (5 - 2) / 0.02 = 150 ohms. A 220 ohm resistor is a safe standard choice that slightly reduces brightness.
Fighter jet pilots routinely experience 6-9g during combat maneuvers - that is 58.8-88.3 m/s². For comparison, a roller coaster peaks at about 4g (39.2 m/s²) and a Space Shuttle launch produces about 3g (29.4 m/s²).
A standard clinical MRI machine operates at 1.5 tesla (15,000 gauss) or 3 tesla (30,000 gauss). For comparison, Earth's magnetic field is about 0.5 gauss (50 microtesla) and a refrigerator magnet is about 50 gauss (5 millitesla).
Need other converters? Explore our metric converters, digital storage, time and date, cooking and finance calculators.